Cadernos de Geografia

Hygiene conditions and occurrence of diarrheal episodes in children under 5 years old living in Guatemala

2020-08-06T11:18:16+01:00

This study aimed to assess the contribution of household hygiene conditions and residential environment salubrity, evaluated by composite indices specifically developed for this study, to the occurrence of diarrheal conditions in children living in Guatemala. An ecological study was carried out with data from the Ministry of Public Health and Social Assistance and the National Institute of Statistics. The relationship between the incidence of diarrheal disease and the developed indexes was analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients and linear regressions. In 2018, the incidence of this disease in children under 5 was 255.70 cases per 1000 children, with a a maximum of 382.61 cases in the department of San Marcos and a minimum of 95.23 cases in the department of Guatemala. The results reveal the existence of significant associations between the incidence of diarrheal disease and the indexes of salubrty of the residential environment, salubrity of the home environment and hygiene of the food consumed by families in the home context. The indexes of potability of water used for drinking in the home context and personal hygiene were not associated with the disease. Considering each of the variables that make up these two indexes individually, only the percentage of households using shared sanitary facilities revealed an association with the occurrence of diarrhea. We concluded that to reduce the burden of diarrheal disease, it is necessary to implement health education programs focused both on housing and the surrounding space hygiene and food hygiene, and support basic sanitation.

Objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável:

2020-08-06T11:18:21+01:00

The present article aims to display a reflection on the concept of Decent Work and Economic Growth, admitted as one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals and presented in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. For a better understanding of the aforementioned subject matter, this paper will focus on the theme of Sustainable Development whose theoretical contents are coordinated with seminal initiatives such as The Declaration of the United Nations on Human Environment (1972), the report Our Common Future (1987), The United Nations Millennium Declaration (2000), The Future We Want (2012) as well as The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2015). The present study will also elaborate on the subject of Decent Work and Economic Growth itself by relating it with the topics of Green Economy and Sustainable Tourism. Study cases, such as Tourism Creative Factory: Eco Soul Ericeira (Portugal); Istra Inspirit (Croatia); Connecting Community, Local Friends and Visitors to a Unique Experience and Happiness - Triponyu.com (Indonesia); Art and Tourism Painting a New Future for Women – banglatanak.com – India and Building a Future in The Community – Bushmans Kloof Wilderness Reserve and Wellness Retreat – South Africa, will be reflected upon within the spectrum of their relevance towards social, environmental and economic sustainability as well as the acknowledgment of human inclusivity.

The thermal feld of Carapina district - Serra / ES:

2020-08-06T11:18:16+01:00

The Cities have the capacity to generate their own climate, the result from the transformations of their surface in line with their geoecological attributes. In this way, the main aim this work it's is analyzed the whether the urbanization process, associated with changes in land use and occupation patterns was able to change thermal conditions in the district of Carapina - Serra/ES. Thus, to unerstand, characterizing and showed how this conditions contribute in existence of an atmospheric heat island. For this purpose, fixed and mobile transects carried out in the summer were used, under the action of the semi-fixed anticyclonal system of South America (ASAS). The results show that the most heated areas were well defined in the morning and evening periods. In the night analysis, the thermal field showed homogeneous behavior. The greatest thermal amplitude was observed at 16h00min. In general, the points located in the coastal area showed milder temperatures in relation to the interior. The diagnosis confirmed that changes in land use and coverage, associated with the characteristics of the local relief, as well as the dynamics of sea and land breezes, directly influence the thermal behavior of atmospheric air.

Azores Trail Run® as a sustainable vehicle for promotion and local development

2020-08-06T11:18:20+01:00

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the impact of the trail running event in the Azores territory and how it fits in sustainable development strategies and policies promoted by the regional Government. For the present study we used two surveys and an interview with the ATR coordinator during the 2018 edition of the Azores Trail Run ® - Triangle Adventure. One survey was sent by email for non-residents participants and the other was applied in person to residents of the Faial, Pico and São Jorge islands during the event, with the objective of evaluating their perception of the event and the impact of the ATR. In order to complement the information gathered through the two mentioned surveys, we conducted an interview with ATR director and general coordinator. This sport event follows the principles of local sustainable development defined by the Azores regional Government and promotes the Azores as an active tourism destination. These findings are very important for the ATR organization. However, it seems necessary to promote a study for all the ATR races to analyses the true impact of the event in the Azores.

Functional classifcation and defect assessment on unpaved roads in Amapá

2020-08-06T11:18:19+01:00

The purpose of this work was to establish a classification for the highways in the State of Amapá based
on the relation of functionality. It was also intended to apply and adapt a simplified physical assessment method and instrument to study defects in unpaved roads in order to improve its monitoring and maintenance process. For the functional classification of the studied highways, the parameters stipulated in the Geometrical Design Manual for Rural Roads in Brazil were applied in GIS, considering the field records related to access and mobility aspects. Morphometric data were also collected in the field to assess the physical characteristics of the defects on the highways. An adapted instrument and simplified methodology were used for the records, which were later analyzed using appropriate software. As a result, a reference system is presented for the functional classification of Amapá roads and ratification of the effectiveness of a simplified methodology with an adapted instrument for assessing the physical conditions of defects on unpaved roads.