The concept of freedom in Plato’s Republic

Autores

  • Sergio Ariza Universidad de los Andes (Colombia)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14195/1984-249X_19_2

Palavras-chave:

Freedom, positive freedom, negative freedom, democracy, moral psychology

Resumo

There is a broad scholarly consensus that Plato sup-ports a positive conception of freedom understood as rational self-mastery. According to this approach, individual freedom consists in having one’s rational desires govern the irrational and the determination of action according to rational desire. Similarly, a city is free when the rational part governs over the irrational and determines its social and political life. In this essay I argues that this conception does not fit with the treat-ment of freedom (eleutheria) found in the Republic. Although Plato uses the word in various senses, including that of rational self-mastery, I will argue that in the Republic freedom is defined as the capacity of citizens of a city to realize the desires that are characteristic of the class to which they belong. An individual or city is free if the different parts of which they are composed are able to satisfy their respective desires. The ideal city can be considered to be the one with the most freedom compared to other cities because it affords the greatest possibility to each class for the satisfaction of its characteristic desires. While this conception does not coincide with the liberal notion of negative freedom, it is less restrictive than the conception of freedom as rational self-mastery and more in line with the moral psy-chology found in the Republic, which recognizes the diversity of desires found both within the city and the individual.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

BERLIN, I. (2001). Dos conceptos de libertad y otros escritos. Madrid, Alianza.

CLEARY, J. J. (2005). Popper on Freedom and Equality in Plato. Polis 22, p.109-126.

EGGERS LAN, C. (1986). Platón. Diálogos IV. República (Introducción, traducción y notas). Madrid, Gredos.

HANSEN, M. H. (2004). The Ancient Athenian and the Modern Liberal View of Liberty as a Democratic Ideal. In: ROBINSON, E. W. (ed.). Ancient Greek De-mocracy. Readings and Resources. Malden/Oxford/Carl-ton, Blackwell, p.171-179. Originalmente publicado en: OBER, J.; HEDRICK, C. (eds.) (1996). Demokratia. Princeton, Princeton University Press. p. 91-104.

HANSEN, M. H. (2010). Democratic Freedom and the Concept of Freedom in Plato and Aristotle. GRBS50, p. 1–27.KLOSKO, G. (22006). Plato’s Political Theory. Ox-ford, Oxford University Press.

MORAVCSIK, J. (1983). Plato and Pericles on Freedom and Politics.In: PELLETIER, F J.; FARLOW-KING, J. (eds.). New Essays in Plato. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, Supp. Vol. 9., p. 1-17.

RAABLAUF, K. (2004). The Discovery of Freedom in Ancient Greece. Chicago & London, The University of Chicago Press.

REEVE, C. D. C. (1988). Philosopher-Kings, The Ar-gument of Plato’s Republic.Princeton, Princeton Uni-versity Press.

SCHOFIELD, M. (2006). Plato. Political Philoso-phy. Oxford, Oxford University Press.

STALLEY, R. F. (1998). Plato’s Doctrine of Free-dom.Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, N.S. 98, p. 145-158.

WILLIAMS, B. (1973). The Analogy of City and Soul in Plato ́s Republic. In: LEE, E. N.; MOURELA-TOS, A. P. D.; RORTY, R. M. Exegesis and Argument. Studies in Greek Philosophy Presented to Gregory Vlas-tos, Assen, B. V. Van Gorcum and Co., p. 196-206.

Publicado

2025-11-15

Como Citar

Ariza, S. (2025). The concept of freedom in Plato’s Republic. Revista Archai, (19), 33. https://doi.org/10.14195/1984-249X_19_2