Gravando a Oralidade: A Vocalização como Efemeridade, Materialização e Sentido
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_6-2_6Palavras-chave:
estudos sonoros, genealogias da literatura eletrónica, novo materialismo, efemeridade, yoikResumo
Neste artigo, pretendo explorar materializações específicas de efemeridade e de sentido através da gravação da expressão vocal. O estudo de caso é fornecido por joik e joiking, uma forma tradicional de canto do povo sami do norte da Escandinávia e da península de Kola. Considerado uma das mais antigas tradições musicais da Europa, o joik não é tanto uma maneira de “cantar sobre” como é uma forma de personificar uma paisagem, uma pessoa ou um animal evocando vocalmente as suas características específicas, unindo deste modo o intérprete e o seu ambiente (tanto em termos daquilo que uma música em particular refere quanto na situação imediata da performance na qual o joiker confia na capacidade do público de decifrar o sentido). Uma análise do joik Renhjorden på Oulavuolie (Renas de Oulavuolie), de Nils Mattias Andersson, mostra a especificidade da vocalização gravada como uma prática de materialização ambivalente de sentido — elusiva, mas tangível o suficiente para permitir que o público apreenda o sentido do lugar.
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Referências
ARNSBERG, Matts, Ruong I., Unsgaard, H. (1969). Joik - yoik. Stockholm: Sveriges Radio förlag. LP with liner notes and book.
BEACH, Hugh (1993). A Year in Lapland: Guest of the Reindeer Herders. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institute.
BRADY, Erika (2004). A Spiral Way: How Phonograph Changed Ethnography. Jackson, MS: University of Mississippi Press.
COLEBROOK, Claire (2008). “On Not Becoming Man: The Materialist Politics of Unactualized Potential.” Material Feminisms. Ed. Stacy Alaimo and Susan Hekman. Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. 52-84.
Electronic Literature Organization, Call for Contributions: ELO 2015 Conference – Bergen, Norway, The End(s) of Electronic Literature, http://eliterature.org/2014/09/2676 2 Aug 2017.
GASKI, Harald (1999). “The Secretive Text: Yoik Lyrics as Literature and Tradition.” Nordlit: Tidsskrift i litteratur og kultur 3.1: 3-27. http://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/nordlit/article/view/2142 3 Aug 2017.
GRIGAR, Dene (2008). “The Present [Future] of Electronic Literature.” Transdisciplinary Digital Art: Sound, Vision and the New Screen. Ed. Adams, Randy Adams, Steve Gibson, and Stefan Müller Arisona. New York: Springer Science and Business Media. 127-142.
GRIGAR, Dene (2017). “Rhapsodic Textualities.” Digital Media and Textuality: From Creation to Archiving. Ed. Daniela Côrtes Maduro. Bielefeld: Transcript. 15-21.
HILDER, Thomas R. (2015). Sami Musical Performance and the Politics of Indigeneity in Northern Europe. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
“Joik.” Wikipedia (2017) [last edited June 25]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joik 3Aug 2017.
JONES-BAMMAN, Richard Wiren (1993). “As Long As We Continue To Joik, We’ll Remember Who We Are.” Negotiating Identity and the Performance of Culture. Ph.D. Dissertation, Ethnomusicology Department, University of Washington. https://digital.lib.washington.edu/researchworks/handle/1773/11250. 4 Aug 2017.
KAHN, Douglas (2013). Earth Sound Earth Signal: Energies and Earth Magnitude in the Arts. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
KATZ, Mark (2004). Capturing the Sound: How Technology Has Changed Music. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
LÄNSMAN, Ursula. (1999). “Sami Culture and the Yoik”, FolkWorld 9. http://www.folkworld.de/9/e/sami.html. 2 Aug 2017.
LEHTOLA, Veli-Pekka. (2004). The Sami People: Traditions in Transition. Fairbanks, AK: University of Alaska Press.
MCLUHAN, Marshall (1962). The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
MCLUHAN, Marshall (1964). Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. New York: McGraw-Hill.
MOISALA, Pirkko (2011). “From Traditional Yoik (Joiku) Transmission towards Formal Education.” Yoik: Aspects of Performing, Collecting, Interpreting. Ed. Dan Lundberg, Gunnar Ternhag. Uppsala: The Center for Swedish Folk Music and Jazz Research.
SOLBAKK, John Trygve (2006). The Sami People. A Handbook. Karasjok: Davvi Girji OS.
SOMBY, Ánde (1995). “Yoik and the Theory of Knowledge.” (archive at WayBack Machine) http://www.uit.no/ssweb/dok/Somby/Ande/95.htm. 2 Aug 2017.
ZAREMBA, Maciej (1999). De rena och de andra: om tvångssteriliseringar, rashygien och arvsynd. Stockholm: Dagens Nyheter.
ZAREMBA-BIELAWSKI, Maciej (2011). Higieniści. Z dziejów eugeniki. Wołowiec: Czarne.
BEACH, Hugh (1993). A Year in Lapland: Guest of the Reindeer Herders. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institute.
BRADY, Erika (2004). A Spiral Way: How Phonograph Changed Ethnography. Jackson, MS: University of Mississippi Press.
COLEBROOK, Claire (2008). “On Not Becoming Man: The Materialist Politics of Unactualized Potential.” Material Feminisms. Ed. Stacy Alaimo and Susan Hekman. Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. 52-84.
Electronic Literature Organization, Call for Contributions: ELO 2015 Conference – Bergen, Norway, The End(s) of Electronic Literature, http://eliterature.org/2014/09/2676 2 Aug 2017.
GASKI, Harald (1999). “The Secretive Text: Yoik Lyrics as Literature and Tradition.” Nordlit: Tidsskrift i litteratur og kultur 3.1: 3-27. http://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/nordlit/article/view/2142 3 Aug 2017.
GRIGAR, Dene (2008). “The Present [Future] of Electronic Literature.” Transdisciplinary Digital Art: Sound, Vision and the New Screen. Ed. Adams, Randy Adams, Steve Gibson, and Stefan Müller Arisona. New York: Springer Science and Business Media. 127-142.
GRIGAR, Dene (2017). “Rhapsodic Textualities.” Digital Media and Textuality: From Creation to Archiving. Ed. Daniela Côrtes Maduro. Bielefeld: Transcript. 15-21.
HILDER, Thomas R. (2015). Sami Musical Performance and the Politics of Indigeneity in Northern Europe. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
“Joik.” Wikipedia (2017) [last edited June 25]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joik 3Aug 2017.
JONES-BAMMAN, Richard Wiren (1993). “As Long As We Continue To Joik, We’ll Remember Who We Are.” Negotiating Identity and the Performance of Culture. Ph.D. Dissertation, Ethnomusicology Department, University of Washington. https://digital.lib.washington.edu/researchworks/handle/1773/11250. 4 Aug 2017.
KAHN, Douglas (2013). Earth Sound Earth Signal: Energies and Earth Magnitude in the Arts. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
KATZ, Mark (2004). Capturing the Sound: How Technology Has Changed Music. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
LÄNSMAN, Ursula. (1999). “Sami Culture and the Yoik”, FolkWorld 9. http://www.folkworld.de/9/e/sami.html. 2 Aug 2017.
LEHTOLA, Veli-Pekka. (2004). The Sami People: Traditions in Transition. Fairbanks, AK: University of Alaska Press.
MCLUHAN, Marshall (1962). The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
MCLUHAN, Marshall (1964). Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. New York: McGraw-Hill.
MOISALA, Pirkko (2011). “From Traditional Yoik (Joiku) Transmission towards Formal Education.” Yoik: Aspects of Performing, Collecting, Interpreting. Ed. Dan Lundberg, Gunnar Ternhag. Uppsala: The Center for Swedish Folk Music and Jazz Research.
SOLBAKK, John Trygve (2006). The Sami People. A Handbook. Karasjok: Davvi Girji OS.
SOMBY, Ánde (1995). “Yoik and the Theory of Knowledge.” (archive at WayBack Machine) http://www.uit.no/ssweb/dok/Somby/Ande/95.htm. 2 Aug 2017.
ZAREMBA, Maciej (1999). De rena och de andra: om tvångssteriliseringar, rashygien och arvsynd. Stockholm: Dagens Nyheter.
ZAREMBA-BIELAWSKI, Maciej (2011). Higieniści. Z dziejów eugeniki. Wołowiec: Czarne.
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Publicado
2018-08-10
Como Citar
Nacher, Anna. 2018. «Gravando a Oralidade: A Vocalização Como Efemeridade, Materialização E Sentido». Matlit: Materialidades Da Literatura 6 (2):75-85. https://doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_6-2_6.
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Secção Temática | Thematic Section
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