The Revised Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R)

Normative data for the Portuguese population

Authors

  • Paulo Moreira Department of Education and Psychology, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal.
  • Richard Inman Institute of Psychology and Educational Sciences (IPCE), Lusíada University, Porto; Research Centre for Developmental Psychology (CIPD), Portugal.
  • C. Robert Cloninger Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Anthropedia Foundation, St. Louis, MO, USA.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-8606_66_1

Keywords:

personality, psychobiological model of personality, Temperament and Character Inventory – Revised (TCI-R), temperament, character, norms, Portuguese population

Abstract

The revised version of Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R) is a self-report measure assessing the four Temperament dimensions and the three Character dimensions described by the psychobiological model of personality. To understand whether, and how, the personality characteristics of specific subpopulations or individuals deviate from ‘normality’, it is essential to have reliable normative data from a reference population. The objective of this study was to describe the normative data of the TCI-R in the adult Portuguese population. The normative data was based on a large (n = 2442) sample obtained via stratified sampling. We summarize TCI-R scale and subscale scores for the whole sample, and explore differences between men and women, and between groups of different ages. We also provide tables of norms (percentiles). This article provides a relevant contribution to psychological assessment in Portugal, by presenting normative data for the TCI-R for the Portuguese population, which are crucial for research, evaluation, and intervention involving Portuguese individuals. 

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Published

2023-02-20

How to Cite

Moreira, P., Inman, R. ., & Cloninger, C. R. . (2023). The Revised Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R): Normative data for the Portuguese population. Psychologica, 66, e066001. https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-8606_66_1

Issue

Vol. 66 (2023)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Paulo Moreira, Richard Inman, Robert Cloninger

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows sharing the work with recognition of authorship and initial publication in Antropologia Portuguesa journal.