The impact of forest fires on soils and the bacteriome of acacia longifolia:a case study in mira, Aveiro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-7723_30-2_2Keywords:
Invasive species, Acacia longifolia, Bradyrhizobium, ecosystem disturbance, nodulationAbstract
Forest fires cause disruption in ecosystems, with increasing frequency in Mediterranean-type climates. The introduction of exotic species, that could become invasive, such as the genus Acacia, has become a challenging issue in Portugal, decreasing local biodiversity and changing soil composition. Acacia longifolia is one of the most aggressive invaders and, as a legume, it is able to fix atmospheric nitrogen through symbiotic associations with bacteria inside root nodules, whose functions are so far not understood. In this study, we sampled unburnt and burnt zones, where we studied (1) the impact of forest fires on soil chemical properties, and (2) the diversity of cultivable bacteria inside A. longifolia root nodules, through classic microbiology techniques, DNA fingerprinting and identification through gene sequencing. In burnt areas, we found a higher content of soil organic matter, available phosphorus and total nitrogen in soils and a change in the A. longifolia bacteriome with Bradyrhizobium sp. as the main mutualistic partner. Less diversity was found, with a higher specificity for nitrogen-fixing bacteria. These modifications could trigger an uncontrolled invasion by A. longifolia after fire.
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