Mental health in pandemic and disasters
the risk of psychological illness
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-7723_30-1_5Keywords:
Mental health, psychological impact, survivors, health/rescue professionals, monitoringAbstract
In recent decades there have been numerous disasters, catastrophes, and accidents of natural or human origin, including the COVID-19 pandemic. All are characterized by triggering intense stress and negative emotions that constitute risk factors of psychological disease. However, whereas disasters are delimited situations in time and space, the COVID-19 pandemic is prolonged in time. After two years, its economic, social, and psychological impact is consensual, caused as it has been, by lockdowns, telework, and above all, by overburdening those working on the frontline. This paper describes the impact of disasters and pandemics on the mental and psychological health of survivors and workers. It presents studies about the psychological illness expressed in post-traumatic stress, anxiety, depression, occupational stress, and burnout of health and rescue professionals. Prevention strategies are also described, including e-health and symptom monitoring through apps, platforms, and wearable sensors, which allow greater individual autonomy to promote mental, psychological, and occupational health.
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