Small pullout tests for pavement reinforcement study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14195/2184-8394_113_6Keywords:
Pavement reinforcement, Pullout tests, GeosyntheticsAbstract
This work presents an evaluation of various geosynthetics efficiency in reinforced base course of road pavements using small scale pullout tests. Polypropylene and glass fiber geogrids and polypropylene woven geotextile were used. The materials used included a soil with 58% of clay (subgrade), and a sandy-silty gravel (base course). The pullout tests were conducted with different combinations among soils and geosyn - the tics. In these tests, a system of direct measurement of specimen displacements with laser optical sensors was used. Plots of confined stiffness of the geosynthetics were obtained from the results of the pullout tests. Additionally, analyses were performed with the bond coefficient proposed by Jewell. According to the present study, the best option for the soils and geosynthetics used are in the following order: (1) polypropylene geogrid, (2) polypropylene woven geotextile and (3) glass fiber geogrid.
Downloads
References
Abd El Halim, A. A.; Haas, R.; Chang, W. A. (1983). Geogrid reinforcement of asphalt pavements and verification of elastic theory. Research Board Record - TRB, n. 949, pp. 55-65.
Abramento, M.; Whittle, J. (1995). Analysis of pullout tests for planar reinforcements in soil. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, vol. 121, nº 6, pp. 476-485.
Al Qadi, I. L.; Core, B. J.; Brandon, T. L.; Bhutta, S. A.; Appea, A. K. (1998). Quantifying the separation characteristic of geosynthetics in flexible pavements. 6th International Conference on Geosynthetics, Atlanta, pp. 945-950.
ASTM D 6706-01 (2001). Standard test method for measuring geosynthetics pullout resistance in soil.
ASTM D 698-00a (2000). Standard test methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using standard effort (12,400 ft-lbf / ft3 (600 kN-m/m3)).
Carrol, R. G.; Jr. Walls, J. G.; Haas, R. (1987). Granular base reinforcement of flexible pavements using geogrids. Proceedings of Geosynthetics ’87, pp. 46-57, St. Paul.
Chang, D. T.; Wang, W. J.; Wang, Y. H. (1998). Laboratory study of the dynamic test system on geogrid reinforced subgrade soil. 6th International Conference on Geosynthetics, Atlanta, pp. 967-970.
Farrag, K.; Acar, Y. B.; Juran, I. (1993). Pullout resistance of geogrid reinforcements. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, vol. 2, nº 3, pp. 133-159.
Gupta, R. (2006). Publicação eletrônica [mensagem pessoal]. Mensagem recebida por em 31 ago.
Haas, R. (1984). Structural behavior of Tensar reinforced pavements and some field applications. Proceedings of Symposium on Polymer Grid Reinforcement in Civil Engineering, pp. 166- 170, London.
Jewell, R. A. (1996). Soil reinforcement with geotextiles. Ciria e Thomas Telford, London.
Jewell, R. A.; Milligan, G. W. E.; Sarsby, R. W.; Dubois, D. (1984). Interaction between soil and geogrids. Proceedings of Symposium on Polymer Grid Reinforcement in Civil Engineering, pp. 18-30.
Kakuda, F. M.; Bueno, B. S.; Teixeira, S. H. C. (2006). Geogrid pullout tests using small scale equipment. Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Geosynthetics, pp. 1443-1446, Yokohama.
Koerner, R. M. (1999). Designing with Geosynthetics. 4a edição, Prentice-Hall, United States of América.
Lambe, T. W.; Whitman, R. V. (1979). Soil Mechanics: SI Version. John Wiley & Sons, Singapore, pp. 149.
Milligan, G. W. E.; Earl, R. F.; Bush, D. I. (1990). Observations of photo-elastic pullout tests on geotextiles and geogrids. Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, vol. 2, pp. 747-751, The Hague.
Ochiai, H.; Otani, J.; Hayashic, S.; Hirai, T. (1996). The pullout resistance of geogrids in reinforced soil. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, vol. 14, pp. 19-42.
Palmeira, E. M. (2004). Bearing force mobilization in pull-out tests on geogrids. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, vol. 22, pp. 481-509.
Teixeira, S. H. C.; Bueno, B. S.; Zornberg, J. G. (2007). Pullout resistance of individual longitu di - nal and transverse geogrid ribs. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 133, nº 1, pp. 37-50.
Teixeira, S. H. C. (2003). Estudo da interação solo-geogrelha em testes de arrancamento e a sua aplicação na análise e dimensionamento de maciços reforçados. 218p. Tese de Doutorado – EESC/USP, São Carlos.
Trichês, G.; Bernucci, L.B. (2004). Reforço de base de pavimentos. Manual Brasileiro de Geos sin - té ticos, Vertematti, J. (ed.), pp. 153-169, Brasil.
Webster, S. L.; Watkins, J. E. (1977). Investigation of construction techniques for tactical bridge approach roads across soft ground. Technical Report S-77-1, US Army Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg.
