Castelo Rodrigo – Example of Cultural Heritage Enhancement

Abstract

Castelo Rodrigo is located in the Riba-Côa territory, within the Beira Interior province, Guarda district, in the municipality of Figueira de Castelo Rodrigo. This ancient, walled medieval village rises atop a hill approximately 800 meters high, with its strategic location historically justifying its role as a fortified stronghold. Its altitude is only surpassed locally by the Serra da Marofa (975 m), and its proximity to the border with Spain further enhanced its military and territorial importance over the centuries. From the castle, one can view the surrounding valley, including the town of Figueira de Castelo Rodrigo (about 5 km away), the former Convent of Santa Maria de Aguiar (now converted to a guesthouse), and extensive cultivated areas stretching to the Spanish border. The medieval village currently has around 200 inhabitants (compared to 240 registered voters in 1998). Key features include the Parish Council building, which has been renovated while preserving the village’s medieval character, the Main Church founded in 1192 by the Hospitaller friars, and several hotels and tourist facilities supporting cultural tourism. This combination of historical, architectural, and geographical features makes Castelo Rodrigo a significant example of heritage preservation and sustainable valorization, where medieval structures coexist with modern uses that engage both the local community and visitors.