Sobre o ethos na educação: dialogando com Kohlberg, Habermas e Boaventura de Sousa Santos

Abstract

The current civilizing moment is defined as one of epistemic, anthropological, ontological and ethical crisis. By ratifying the educational area as privileged locus of formation of subjectivities, the emphasis of this study is on the conceptions of Kohlberg, Habermas and Boaventura de Sousa Santos. The articulations between philosophy, sociology and education illuminate the school as a subjective territory of construction through interdisciplinarity. Habermas, by a dialogue with the moral theory of Kohlberg, has as a starting point a criticism of utilitarianism through the resumption of an enlightened emancipatory cosmopolitan ethics. Based on the consideration of the current moment as paradigmatic transition, Santos positioned himself against the anthropological enlightened perspective, as well as epistemic and ethical ones, proposing cartographies of subjective experience that aim at the emancipation through an ethos that is guided by a shared common sense. The discussion between the authors will take into consideration the relationship between ethics and subjectivity in the field of education, giving privilege to teaching-learning areas and to the educator in the school.