Opinião Pública e Confiança Institucional na Europa: o papel contraditório dos media na era digital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-5462_46_5Palabras clave:
confiança institucional, media tradicionais, media digitais, modelos multinível, literacia mediáticaResumen
El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la relación entre la confianza en los medios de comunicación -tradicionales y digitales- y la confianza en las instituciones. A partir de datos del Eurobarómetro de 2016, y mediante modelos estadísticos como ACM, ACP y regresión multinivel, se examinaron los impactos del uso de los medios de comunicación en la confianza institucional, controlando por variables sociodemográficas. Los resultados confirman la hipótesis de que la confianza en los medios tradicionales (prensa, radio y televisión) se asocia positivamente con mayores niveles de confianza en las instituciones. En cambio, la confianza en los medios digitales (redes sociales y plataformas en línea) muestra una correlación significativamente más débil, y en algunos casos negativa. Este efecto se ve amplificado por la propagación de la desinformación y la creación de «burbujas informativas» en los medios digitales, lo que contribuye a la erosión de la confianza institucional. El estudio destaca la necesidad de promover la alfabetización mediática y reforzar la regulación de las plataformas digitales para mitigar los efectos negativos sobre la confianza institucional.
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