A contribuição do auto-criticismo e da ruminação para o afecto negativo

Abstract

We talk about self-criticism when we assume, due to our own suffering, a tough stance, intolerant and negative self-evaluation. The literature shows the self-criticism as an important predictor of pain, associated with psychopathology. In case of failure, people can adopt the ruminative thinking style that, being remarkably repetitive and negative, is associated with psychopathological symptoms. This research aims to contribute to the knowledge of the relationship between self-criticism, rumination and negative affect, in a nonclinical sample of 193 subjects. The results of this study indicate that more self-critical and ruminative individuals experience more negative affect. We also noted that self-critical individuals tend to make more use of ruminative thought. Conversely, self-reassurance, in moments of failure, is positively associated with positive affect. The results suggest the importance of a therapeutic intervention focused on reducing self-criticism and rumination in the clinical setting, encouraging self-reassurance, especially useful in patients with self-criticism and mood disorders.